The Beginnings
In 1803, the United States paid France $15 million for 828,000 acres of land west of the Mississippi River. Only 16 years later, the enterprising Moses Bates established the town of Hannibal, MO.

The Clemens Family
The allure of this riverboat town fit the dreams of John Clemens, a Tennessee native who was trying, but failing, to run a general store in Florida, MO. John moved his family, including four-year-old Sam, to Hannibal in 1839 and built this house on a piece of land that his cousin purchased.

When the family hit hard times in 1846, they moved across the street to live with the Grant family above their pharmacy. After John passed away in 1847, when Sam was only 11 years old, they moved back to this house. In 1851, Sam's sister Pamela married and moved to St. Louis. Two years later, the remaining Clemens family—Jane and her sons Orion and Henry—moved to Iowa, while 17-year-old Sam took off for solo adventures in St. Louis and beyond.

The In-Between Times
The house was used as rental property until 1911 when it was scheduled for demolition. Hannibal citizen George A. Mahan purchased the house, fixed it up, and donated it to the city for public use on May 15, 1912, just two years after Twain died.

• Mr. and Mrs. George Mahan

• Dedication on May 15, 1912

The WPA Protects
The museum building next to the Boyhood Home and the stone wall surrounding the courtyard were completed in 1937 by the Works Project Administration. The wall served as a firewall between the Twain property and a lumberyard.

Restoration
The home was fully restored and stabilized between 1990-91. This included rebuilding two rooms at the back of the house that had been removed around 1885.

Reasons To Be Proud
Opened to the public in 1912, the Boyhood Home is one of America's earliest historic homes. It is on the National Register of Historic Places and is designated as a National Historic Landmark.

Erected by Mark Twain Home Foundation.

© All Rights Reserved

© All Rights Reserved

The Nevada Territorial Seal designed by Orion Clemens, brother of Mark Twain.

The Territory of Nevada (N.T.) was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from March 2, 1861, until October 31, 1864, when it was admitted to the Union as the State of Nevada.

ORION CLEMENS
Sam admired his older brother, but believed that Orion's indecisive nature kept his brother from success.

Virginia Mining District
The Territory of Nevada (N.T.) was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from March 2, 1861, until October 31, 1864, when it was admitted to the Union as the State of Nevada.

"Orion Clemens was...the family's first born, & antedated me ten years...When he was fifteen or sixteen, he was sent to St. Louis & there he learned the printer's trade."
-Autobiography

"One of his characteristics was eagerness. He woke with an eagerness about some matter or other every morning; it consumed him all day; it perished in the night & he was on fire with a fresh new interest next morning before he could get his clothes on. He exploited in this way three hundred * sixty-five red-hot new eagerness every year of his life...But I am forgetting another characteristic, a very pronounced one. That was his deep glooms, his despondencies, his despairs; these had their place in each & every day along with the eagerness's. Thus, his day was divided-no, not divided, mottled-from sunrise to midnight with alternating brilliant sunshine & black cloud. Every day he was the most joyous & hopeful man that ever was, I think, & also every day he was the most miserable man that ever was."
-autobiography

"I was remark here that throughout his lone life he was always trading religious & enjoying the change of scenery...Notwithstanding his forever-recurring caprices & changes, his principles were high, always high, & absolutely unshakable...But in light matters-matters of small consequence, like religion, & politics, & such things-he never acquired a conviction that could survive a disapproving remark from a cat."
-Autobiography

*Here Cat is referring to a person. Like we would use the slang, "dude".

© All Rights Reserved

Welshman House
Restored by the Marion County Historical Society, 1961

© All Rights Reserved

© All Rights Reserved