Córdoba, also called Cordova in English, is a city in Andalusia in southern Spain. It acts as the capital of the province of Córdoba today, and was a Roman settlement, that was later colonized by Muslim armies in the eighth century. It became the capital of the Islamic Emirate, and then of the Caliphate of Córdoba, including most of the Iberian Peninsula.
Caliph Al Hakam II opened many libraries in addition to the many medical schools and universities which existed at the time, making Córdoba a center for education. During these centuries it became the center of a society ruled by Muslims. It was captured by Christian forces in 1236, during the Reconquista. Today it is a moderately sized modern city. Its population in 2011 was about 330,000, and its historic center has been named a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Córdoba has the highest summer temperatures in Spain and Europe, with average high temperatures around 99°F (37°C) in July and August.
Information from:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%B3rdoba,_Spain 