is the first of the eight North American Martyrs to be killed, he was 35 years old and a lay Jesuit volunteer when he died.

He is the patron saint of the Indigenous people and of Canada and of the American Association of Nurse Anesthetists

St. Rene Goupil was appointed the patron saint of physician anesthetists, anesthesiologists and anesthesia in 1951 because he is said to have been the first known lay person to use anesthesia during surgical procedures. He used tobacco to help ease the pain of surgery among the Huron people, and he was also known to have used it as a pain reliever during the administration of the sacrament of baptism.

Seen at www.flickr.com/explore/2024/11/22/
# 103 on 22 November 2024
#102 on 24 November 2024

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